Methodology

Every fact published on this reference is sourced to a primary authority and rated for source confidence. This page documents the source tier hierarchy, the confidence ratings, the verification discipline, and the questions that are open and under verification. The same methodology governs the companion Healthcare Pest Reference.

Source Tier Hierarchy

Tier 1 — Authoritative

Statutes and regulations (the Code of Federal Regulations, state administrative codes); the published standards and policies of the agencies that operate or govern correctional and detention facilities (for example, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement, the Federal Bureau of Prisons, the U.S. Marshals Service, and state jail standards bodies and departments of corrections); federal and state regulators such as OSHA, FDA, EPA, CDC, and state departments of health and agriculture; published court opinions; and the Entomological Society of America Certification Corporation for matters relating to the Board Certified Entomologist credential. Tier 1 sources are quoted directly.

Tier 2 — Recognized Authority

Accrediting and professional bodies (for example, the American Correctional Association and the National Commission on Correctional Health Care), NIOSH, the National Institute of Corrections, and peer-reviewed literature in entomology, public health, and correctional health. Where a Tier 2 standard is licensed or paywalled, it is recorded by identifier, title, edition, and publisher only, and its text is not reproduced.

Tier 3 — Reference Only

News coverage, trade press, law-firm summaries, and vendor material. Tier 3 sources are used only to locate a Tier 1 or Tier 2 source to verify against. A claim that exists only in Tier 3 material is not published as a stated fact.

Source Confidence Ratings

HIGH Confidence

The verbatim text has been read from the issuing body's own publication and checked by extraction or quotation. Page metadata gives the source URL and the date of the most recent verification.

MEDIUM Confidence

The primary source exists but could not be read directly from the issuing body, and was read from an official mirror or a documented capture. Where MEDIUM confidence applies, the page discloses the limitation.

KILLED — Investigated and Disconfirmed

The claim was investigated against primary sources and found to be fabricated, mis-cited, or supported only by Tier 3 material. Killed claims are not published as facts; they are catalogued so they are not reintroduced.

Investigated and Excluded Claims

Page-specific disconfirmations appear on the authority page they concern.

Open Questions Under Verification

Until a question is closed against a primary source, no page on this reference asserts an answer to it. Closed questions are listed with the date and the page that now carries the answer.

Still open

Closed September 24, 2026

Verification Discipline

Every claim is treated as unverified until it has been read in the primary source. Quotations are reproduced verbatim with their location. A page publishes only what its source says; where a source is silent on a question a reader will ask, the page says the question is open rather than supplying an answer.

New authority pages are added only after primary-source verification. Existing pages are re-verified at least annually or upon any reported change to the underlying authority, and the page's verification date is updated only when a verification has actually been performed.